26^th International Conference on Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics October 19-20, 2020 Athens, Greece

Biography:

Consultations record of 20,000+ patients with various diseases in Pakistan and Saudi Arabia since 1995.Received Certificate from USA on "Research to Publication" by University of California, San Francisco,USA., SCOPE Certified Specialist in Weight Management by World Obesity Federation,London-UK, Certified in "ADVANCE CLINICAL NUTRITION",Bad hamburg-Germany.

Abstract:

Background:

Obesity is one of the three gravest threats to human health but no study has been conducted in the 2^nd holiest city of Muslims Al Madinah Al Munawarrah located on western part of Saudi Arabia. 

Objectives:

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in school children.

Methods:

Participants were healthy school boys and girls aged 05-18 years. It was a cross-sectional stratified study. Total sample size was 6000 consisting of 3000 boys and 3000 girls  Twenty (20) schools were selected with random stratification with the help of Ministry of education. Data were collected between April - December 2017. Height and weight of children were measured to calculate percentiles for BMI-for-age and -sex according to the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts, Overweight and obesity was defined as BMI-for-age/sex ≥_85th and ≥ 95th percentile respectively.

Results: The overall prevalence of obesity was 14.7% (n= 588). Obesity Prevalence in boys was 16% (n=347) and in girls was 14% (n=241). The overall prevalence of overweight was 15.4 % (n= 616). The Prevalence in boys was 16% (n=366) and in girls was 14% (n=250).

Conclusions

Overweight and obesity in school children in Al Madinah Al Munawawarh is as high as global prevalence is. Intervention and prevention programs should focus on primary school students. Ministry of education and Ministry of health have a key role .Dietitians and public health workers can play an effective to control obesity.

Biography:

Aakriti Gupta is a PhD scholar from Delhi University, India. She is expertise and passion in the area of micronutrient deficiencies. She has worked extensively in the area of nutritional status of vascular dementia amongst geriatric subjects. She has previously worked in various national level research projects with All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi in the area of Vitamin D deficiency, Pediatric Metabolic Syndrome and Geriatric Nutrition. She has several publications in indexed journals in diverse topics. She has written a chapter on Nutrition and Health in an esteemed textbook of community medicine for postgraduate students.

Abstract:

Background- Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency is associated with poor cognitive function and anemia amongst school age children. High prevalence of vitamin B12 and folate deficiency have been earlier reported amongst school age children in plain regions of India. The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of Vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies among children residing at high altitude regions of Himachal Pradesh, India.

Material and Methods- A total of 215 schoolchildren in the age group of 6-18 years were included. Biochemical estimation of serum vitamin B12 and folate levels was undertaken using chemiluminescence immunoassay method. The consumption pattern of foods high in dietary vitamin B12 and folate was recorded using Food Frequency Questionnaire.

Results- The median levels (interquartile range) of serum vitamin B12 was 326 (259-395) pg/mL and 7.7 (6-10) ng/mL of folate. We found that the prevalence of vitamin B12 and folate deficiency amongst school age children was 7.4% and 1.5% respectively. This was possibly due to high frequency of consumption of foods rich in vitamin B12 and folate.

Conclusion- The findings of the present study revealed low prevalence of vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies amongst children aged 6-18 years living at high altitude regions in India. This was possibly due to high frequency of consumption of foods rich in vitamin B12 and folate. Hence dietary interventions including promotion of regular consumption of foods with high vitamin B12 and folate may be seen as a potential strategy for improving vitamin status of the population.

Biography:

Carol O’Neil, PhD, MPH, RD is a professor of Nutrition and Food Sciences at the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center.  She has nearly 200 publications.  For a decade, her research has centered on nutritional epidemiology and its relationship to nutrient intake and adequacy, diet quality, and the association with cardiovascular risk factors.  One of her prinicipal interests has been looking at the US nationally representative data set the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Abstract:

The likelihood of added sugars intake being associated with aberrant values of liver enzymes, cardiovascular risk factors, and other physiological parameters was determined using NHANES 2001-2012 data from adults (n=26,402).  Dietary intake was determined using 24-hour dietary recalls using an Automated Multiple-Pass Method. The usual intake (UI) of added sugars as a percent of energy was estimated using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo ratio method of the National Cancer Institute.  Balanced repeated replication was used for variance estimation.  Subjects were separated into six groups: 0<5, 5-<10, 10-<15, 15-<20, 20-<25, and ≥25% of energy as added sugars.  Logistic regression was used to determine if the different levels of added sugars intake had an odds ratios indicating adverse physiologic outcomes (0<5% intake was the reference group).  Group and linear trends (p<0.01) for the six levels of intake were also determined for: high alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, blood pressure, high- and low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, glucose, c-reactive protein, waist circumference, and hemoglobin and high or low uric acid levels.  Only low uric acid levels showed a significant group trend (17% less likely; p=0.0083).  However, neither the linear trend nor uric acid levels as a continuous variable were significantly different across added sugars intake.  Results suggest that there was a limited association of UI of added sugars with physiologic parameters in adults.  Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Biography:

Dirk Ysebaert is a professor of surgery at UZA in the department of HepatoPancreaticoBiliary, Transplantation & Endocrine Surgery

Abstract:

Long-term survival of patients with intestinal failure requiring home parenteral nutrition (HPN) has not been clearly shown. The authors describe the survival of these patients and explore the prognostic factors. A total of 217 non-cancer non-AIDS adult patients presenting with chronic intestinal failure enrolled from January 1980 to December 1989 in approved HPN programs in Belgium and France. Data were updated in March 1991; not one of the patients was lost for follow up. The prognosis factors for survival are explored using multivariate analysis. During the survey 73 patients died, and the mortality rate related to HPN complications accounted for 11% of deaths. Probabilities of survival at 1, 3 and 5 years were 91%, 70%, and 62% respectively. Three independent variables were associated with a decreased risk of death: age of patients younger than 40 years, start of HPN after 1987, and absence of chronic intestinal obstruction. In patients younger than 60 years, included after 1983 and with a very short bowel (< or = 50 cm), (who could represent suitable candidates for small bowel transplantation) the 2-year survival rate was 90%, a prognosis that compares favourably with recent reports on survival after small bowel transplantation. In conclusion, HPN prognosis compares favourably with recent reports of survival after small bowel transplantation.

Biography:

Dr. H.O.T. Iyawe completed his PhD about 8 years ago from Ambrose Alli University (AAU), Ekpoma. He is Biochemist and an academic staff member of the Faculty of Life sciences of the same institution. He is the current director of AAU Consult Limited, which is a consultancy arm of the University, the immediate past National General Secretary of the Nutrition Society of Nigeria (NSN). He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as a visiting Lecturer to some Universities in Nigeria.

Abstract:

M. paradisiaca L is a plant widely cultivated in the tropics and subtropical regions of the world for its carbohydrate food value. Most parts of the plant are used for medicinal purposes. There is a dearth of empirical information on the antioxidant values of the leaves. This study investigates the antioxidant power and examines the effect of aqueous and ethanol extracts of M. paradisiaca leave extracts on animals. Fifteen Wistar albino rats were used for the study, made up of three categories of five rats each as Control, and Test groups. Administrations of extracts were through intraperitoneal routes for 28 days. Results were obtained with standard procedures and indicated that Ethanol extracts to significantly (p<0.05) increase Nitric oxide (41. 66 ± 0.43%) and Hydrogen peroxide (13.04 ± 1.12%) inhibitions in comparison with aqueous extracts. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) were also significantly (p<0.05) high in ethanol extract (0.76 ± 0.03 mmol/g) and (20.10 ± 1.29) respectively. Total phenolic and total flavonoids demonstrated better extraction in aqueous than in ethanol media. DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power assays were concentration dependent with aqueous extract showing better free radical scavenging ability and electron reduction power. Aqueous and Ethanol extracts significantly (p<0.05) reduced cholesterol, Triacylglyceride (TG) and High Density Lipoproteins (HDL-c). Ethanol extract treated group showed tissue sinusoids and hepatocytes with signs of necrosis. Deduction from this empirical evidence is that there is a latent antioxidant potentials in M. paradisiaca L which may be better harnessed from its aqueous extract.

Biography:

MARIELLE ENGELEN worked as a PhD student at the Dept. of Respiratory Medicine at the Academic Hospital Maastricht and obtained her PhD in 2000 (title thesis: "Muscle wasting in COPD: a metabolic and functional perspective"), and subsequently worked as a postdoctoral fellow at the Dept of Surgery. From 2006 to 2012, she worked as Assistant/ Associate Professor at the Department of Geriatrics, University Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children's Hospital.

Abstract:

Nutritional depletion is frequently present in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but it is unknown whether a difference exists between the two subtypes. The aim of this study was to determine whether patterns of tissue depletion were different between emphysema and chronic bronchitis patients and whether these were related to pulmonary function. In 99 severe COPD patients and 28 healthy volunteers, body weight and composition were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Patients were stratified into chronic bronchitis (n=50) and emphysema (n=49) by high-resolution computed tomography. Lean mass depletion was found in 37% of the emphysema patients and in 12% of the chronic bronchitis patients. The emphysema patients had lower values for body mass index than the other groups (P< 0.01), mainly due to a lower lean mass (P< 0.01) and bone mineral content (P< 0.01). Fat mass was also lower in the emphysema group compared to the chronic bronchitis group (P< 0.001). The chronic bronchitis patients had a higher fat mass (P< 0.05) and a lower bone mineral content (P< 0.01) than the healthy volunteers. Substantial differences in body composition were found not only between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and healthy volunteers, but also between chronic bronchitis and emphysema patients.

Biography:

Professor Sven Frokjaer received his MSc (Pharm.) in 1970 and his PhD in physical chemistry in 1973 from the Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences. He has been Professor of Pharmaceutics at the Department of Pharmaceutics since 1993 and Rector at the Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences from 2003 to 2007.

After the merge with the University of Copenhagen, Sven became Dean at the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Since 2012, he is Vice-Dean at the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen. From 2002 to 2005 he held the position as director of the industrial-oriented graduate research school Drug Research Academy where he his is now chairman of the board.

Abstract:

Structured lipids (1,3-specific triglycerides) are new chemical entities made by enzymatic transesterification of the fatty acids in the 1,3-positions of the triglyceride. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro interaction of fat emulsions based on either structured lipids or vegetable oils with human plasma proteins employing two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE). The structured lipids are triglycerides of the SLS and MLM types, where S is short-chain fatty acids (C4), M is medium-chain fatty acids (C8-10) and L is long-chain fatty acids (C16-18). The vegetable oil-based fat emulsions were the commercially available product, Intralipid, and a soybean oil (LLL) emulsion made de novo identically as the emulsions containing structured lipids. The SLS emulsion was found to adsorb a different protein pattern than the MLM and LLL emulsions. The protein pattern of the SLS emulsion was similar to the protein pattern of Intralipid. These findings might explain the in vivo difference in elimination found in another study, where the emulsion based on structured lipids with short-chain fatty acids in the 1,3-positions was removed more slowly from the general blood circulation compared to emulsions based on lipids with long-chain fatty acids in the 1,3-positions (LLL).

Biography:

Dr. Young Kim has studied about the Korean traditional food culture as well as agricultural foods and their processing over 20 years at National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA in South Korea. She is a senior researcher of department of agrofood resources, RDA. She has recently published several books and papers related to Koren traditional diet called Hansik and foods of a main family, Jongga that can trace its line of progenitors back to a single distinguished ancestor.

Abstract:

The typical Korean diet (Hansik) is a low-fat diet with abundant plant foods including a variety of vegetables and Korean fermented cabbage (Kimchi), which has been known as a healthy diet that could improve cardiovascular disease and blood lipids level. Therefore, the aim of study was to develop the Hansik education program to increase the Hansik’s intake for children and adolescents. To develop the Hansik education program, we assessed needs for the program in school dietitians as well as children and adolescents according to the education level. A total of 2,858 children and adolescents (elementary school 30.1%; middle school 34.8%; high school 35.1%) and were recruited in 2015 and 2016 in Gyunggi and Jeonbuk areas, South Korea and questionnaires were conducted by self-administration. School dietitians (n=221; elementary school 38.9%; middle school 34.4%; high school 26.7%) were participated in an online survey. There were significant differences in a nutritional education experience relating to Hansik and preference for the Hansik education program composition by the education level (p<0.001). Based on the needs of students and school dietians by the education level, Hansik education program consisted of three parts; 1) understanding Hansik diet-improved awareness of Hansik and its components, 2) healthy eating habits-balanced food intake and proper serving sizes, 3) Hansik cooking classes. In conclusion, Hansik education program was developed with consideration of needs and differences among the education levels. Further studies are ongoing to evaluate the program’s effect on the incerese of Hansik consumption and the preventive effect on metabolic syndrome.

Biography:

Mahdi Faramoushi has completed his PhD (Exercise Physiology) at the age of 30 years from Tabriz University (IRAN). He is director of the his university's sports complex, and teaches physical education (Exercise Physiology) courses in Tabriz Islamic Art university. He has published more than 10 papers in journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of Iranian Journals.

Abstract:

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder and it is considered the fifth cause of death in the world after infectious diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer and trauma. Nowadays, there is a lot of interest in the field of non-drug therapies, such as exercise and medicinal herbs. Fewer researches have been done about the effect of thyme on diabetes. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 8-week thyme supplementation on GLUT4 protein content in myocardial and lipid profile of type 2 diabetic rats.

 Methods:  For the purpose of current study, white male Wistar rats (n= 48) weighing in the range of 220 - 240 g were used. Initially, the rats were randomly distributed into 3 groups of 8 rats as follows: 1- healthy control 2- diabetic control 3-diabetic and thyme supplementation. The rats became diabetic through the injection of STZ (37 mg / kg ) and high-fat diet. oral thyme supplementation lasted for 8 weeks. 48 hours after the last supplementation session, the rats were anesthetized and right after their hearts immediately extracted and frizzed in nitrogen -80° C and kept for later analysis. After homogenizing the muscle samples in homogenization buffer below zero degree and centrifuging them, the supernatant was collected for histological and Western blotting analyses to determine the protein content of GLUT4. Fasting blood glucose was measured using a glucometer. Data were analyzed through the one-way and multivariate ANOVA and independent t-test in SPSS software (version 18).

 Result: Myocardial GLUT4 increase in thyme supplementation group was significant. fasting blood glucose rate indicated a significant decrease (P<0/05), and significantly decreased the lipid profile level of the supplementation group compared to those of Diabete contorol group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: According to the findings of the current study, it seems that thyme supplementation increase myocardial GLUT4 and prevent the development of cardiomyopathy in type 2 diabetic rats' heart. the beneficial effects of thyme supplementation on overall metabolic state and blood glucose indicate its therapeutic properties.